Entries in influenza and infectious diseases (390)

New coronavirus: Preliminary CFR, incubation period

Posted on Monday, January 27, 2020 at 11:24AM by Registered CommenterScott McPherson in , | CommentsPost a Comment

The only thing that kept the SARS epidemic from going full tilt pandemic in 2003 was its incubation period.  SARS was a coronavirus, whose incubation periods are usually 2 to 7 days.  People didn't transmit the disease until the incubation period was over.  Public health officials were actually able to get in front of the disease and beat it back.  Line of sight.  Good thing too, because for every 100 people who contracted it, around fifteen died, according to the WHO.  That number was impacted by the usual issues of age, general health, and so on.  The dreaded 1918 Spanish Flu (H1N1) haad a Case Fatality Rate, or CFR, of 2.5. 

Now we don't really know a helluva lot about this new coronavirus, but we suspect it is not as lethal as SARS.  At least, not yet.  It does currently have a CFR of 3, meaning it appears to be as lethal as the 1918 flu.  We are also being treated to conflicting theories as to how transmissible it is (it appears to be quite good at that), and how long the incubation period is.

From The Hill:    

"Chinese health officials are warning that the deadly coronavirus could be much more contagious than initially thought, as infected patients can spread the flu-like illness before showing any symptoms

China’s National Health Commissioner Minister Ma Xiaowei announced during a press conference Sunday the virus is infectious during its incubation period of one to 14 days and its ability to spread is increasing. 

The official said authorities have limited knowledge on the new virus, and are unclear on the risks posed by the mutations of the virus.

A longtime adviser to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Dr. William Schaffner, told CNN the new development means “the infection is much more contagious than we originally thought.” 

Schaffner called it a game changer, and warned current preventative methods won’t be enough to fight off the outbreak since tracking down the contacts a patient had before experience symptoms complicates the situation."

The general rule is that viruses get along to go along.  They gain nothing by killing their hosts.  Their goal is coexistence. But it is also true that as a virus mutates, it can gain some nasty attributes.  The second wave of the 1918 flu (fall 1918) was the REAL killer, where most of the 50 to 100 million worldwide deaths occurred.

It is way too early to know what this new coronavirus will mutate into.  But we have a virus that is getting easier and easier to catch and transmit, or might have been fron the get-go. And we also have a virus which is not nearly as lethal as SARS or its current cousin MERS (with a CFR nearing 35%). But 3% is what we worried about during bird flu planning assumptions. This concern is real and increasing.

 

Your morning coronavirus update: January 24, 2020

Posted on Friday, January 24, 2020 at 08:37AM by Registered CommenterScott McPherson in , | CommentsPost a Comment

Wuhan remains under quarantine; twelve other Chinese cities have travel restrictions, bringing the total number of people under restrictions at 35 million, roughly the population of Canada; Disneyland Shanghai to close; more than 800 cases now confirmed in multiple countries, including the US; 26 deaths worldwide, keeping the current Case Fatality Rate at 3%; and a student at Texas A&M may have the disease. He traveled to Wuhan and has flu-like symptoms.

Chikungunya Arrives in Tallahassee

Posted on Monday, June 23, 2014 at 11:10AM by Registered CommenterScott McPherson in , | CommentsPost a Comment

As Angelina would say:

"Well, well."

The Tallahassee Democrat is reporting that two cases of chikungunya virus have been detected in my town.  Both cases are "imported"; that is, the victims contracted the virus abroad and then returned to Tallahassee.

In one case -- communicated to me by one of my spies -- a faculty member of The Florida State University's geology department contracted chikungunya virus while in Haiti doing some field work. 

As of June 14th, there were 42 confirmed cases of chikyngunya in Florida.  All, apparently, imported.

Alabama DoH: "No new viruses, no new bacteria" in Dothan cluster

As I type this, the top Alabama health official is holding a press conference.  And a major tip 'o the cap to my buddy Mike Coston for giving me the link!

The health officer says there are three different agents at work in the cluster:  Rhinovirus (4), influenza (I missed the number), and (3) bacterial pneumonia infections. There were multiple and overlapping infections in several of these cases.

The hubub, this official states, is due to the heightened states of alert pertaining to H7N9 and MERS-CoV.

"A clustering of common organisms" is the reason why this group of disassociated illnesses was grouped together.

One death was aged 34; the other was age 55. 

According to this man, "WNL" means "Within Normal Limits," referring to tests.  He says it also means "We never looked," referring to the individual persons who fell ill.  It was the number of persons falling so ill, in such a short timeframe and in such a small area, and in such an environment as we are working in today with H7N9 and MERS, that prompted the closer inspection. 

I like his candor and his folksy demeanor.   Case closed.

However, the question is still out there on Houston.

Are Dothan, Houston mystery illnesses linked? 

The cases all come from nowhere.  They involve bright, energetic, athletic students.  They begin feeling feverish, exhausted, shaken. Then they experience violent seizures, are sent into a medically-induced coma.  And then, for two of the three afflicted students, they die.

The Houston Chronicle reports from early May are chilling.  Students 60 miles apart, with no apparent links, succomb to the same symptoms.

Now, in Dothan, Alabama, we are seeing a hauntingly familiar situation unfold.  With the exception of the seizures, the symptoms are strikingly similar. 

A television station much closer to the outbreak -- NBC affiliate WPMI, Mobile/Pensacola, is reporting that:

Doctors investigating the illness have not yet found a common denominator in the patients, whose ages range between the 20’s and 80’s, other than their symptoms. Doctors tested samples from the 7 patients at the state health lab to determine if there is from them to find “strain matching fingerprint” she added.

Doctors are analyzing those tests with investigators from the Centers for Disease Control & Prevention’s Atlanta office. State health officials, The Alabama Department of Public Health and the Centers for Disease Control Respiratory Laboratory are analyzing lab tests from all seven patients. Officials hope to have preliminary results on the samples back by Wednesday or Thursday morning.

Okee dokee, it is late Thursday morning.  What do we know?